Which statement best describes the psychological theory of crime?

• A. A theory that crime results from social and economic factors alone.
• B. A theory that views crime as a rational choice to maximize pleasure and minimize pain.
• C. The idea that criminal behavior is a result of emotions, drives, and mental defects.
• D. The theory that crime is primarily due to genetic predisposition.

Answer: (C)

Psychological theory of crime centers on internal mental processes that influence behavior—emotions, drives, and mental functioning. It explains how impulsivity, mood disorders, personality traits, or distorted thinking can lead someone to commit crimes, not just what they weigh in a cost-benefit calculation or the external circumstances around them. This makes the statement describing crime as a result of emotions, drives, and mental defects the best fit for the psychological perspective. In contrast, other views focus on rational choice (crime as a calculated decision), social/economic factors (external pressures shaping behavior), or genetics (biological predispositions).